Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy
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A 7 page paper discussing recent gains in research, particularly that addressing the role of sarcoglycans play in the progress and form of the disease. All forms of muscular dystrophy are known to result from genetic defects, including the limb-girdle form. Research has advanced rapidly in recent years, but important questions still remain unanswered. Much of the information that has been discovered is interpreted very differently by various researchers, giving rise to the situation in which the increase in knowledge of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy is gratifying yet remains inconclusive. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: KS-LGMD.wps

Links Between Sexuality and Gender
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This 5 page report discusses the fearfulness countless people experienced in terms of their attitudes regarding homosexuality resulted in specific, often erroneous, attributes being assigned to homosexuals -- the masculine woman, the limp-wristed man. Nobody denies that men and women are obviously different in terms of their reproductive purposes and capabilities. However, what should also be understood are the many ways of being female or male. Of the many human issues that cannot be defines as either black or white, human sexuality may be the most gray of them all. Bibliography lists one source.
Filename: BWgorsu3.wps

Lipids
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This 7 page paper examines lipids, what they are and their constituent fatty acids. The paper discusses the chemical structure of the fatty acids and the various lipids as well as where they are found and their functions. The bibliography cites 10 sources.
Filename: TElipids.rtf

Literature Review: Cotton Harvest Aids
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16 pages. This is an extensive literature review on the topic of harvest aid chemicals and timings on cottonseed that are to be re-used for planting purposes. Some topics included are the cool/warm vigor index, seed index, and chemicals used. Bibliography includes 30 sources.
Filename: JGAseeds.rtf

Living or Nonliving
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This 3 page paper discusses the differences between living and nonliving things and how we can tell them apart; it also discusses the fact that people argue fire is alive, and how it's possible to demonstrate that it is not. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: HVLivNot.rtf

Long Range Navigational Habits of Birds
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This 5 page paper outlines the long range navigational habits of birds. For centuries, researchers have recognized that birds fly long distances with great ease and appear to demonstrate navigational habits or systems that are unparalleled. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: MHMigraB.rtf

Low Density Lipoproteins
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A 5 page paper discussing LDL's structure, origins and transport. Through current research, it is becoming increasingly apparent that LDL is involved in more systems than only those affecting the cardiovascular system. Further research into these interactions and better methods of measuring LDL's oxidative state hold promise of leading to synthesis of greater understanding of the molecule and its role in facilitating conditions of disease. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: KS-LDL.wps

Mad Cow Disease
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A 5 page paper that describes the origins and development of bovine spongiform encephalopathy or mad cow disease. This paper provides an overview of the disease and also considers its impact on the development of CJD in humans. Both are related to the epidemic in England in the early 1990s. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Madcow.wps

Marine Biology: From Ostracoderms to Halibut
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A 5 page discussion of one of the more notable discoveries in marine biology, the discovery of Ostracoderm fossils in marine substrate. The author uses that example to illustrate the diversity of the marine system and then follow up with a discussion of the life history of the Pacific Halibut. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPfishE2.rtf

Martin & Gould/Gender Stereotype & Reproduction
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A 3 page essay that discusses the essays "The Egg and the Sperm" by Emily Martin and "Women's Brains" by Jay Gould. Both authors address how culture can shape and influence what scientists present as "fact." While Martin and Gould address different aspects of gender bias that have appeared in science, they are in agreement that gender stereotypes of male and female behavior have highly influenced how natural phenomena is perceived. Both essays suggest that the general public should be highly skeptical of science whenever so-called "scientific" conclusions appear to justify or rationalize societal biases. No additional sources cited.
Filename: khmargou.rtf

MATT RIDLEY AND LANGUAGE INSTINCT IN NON-HUMAN PRIMATES
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This 4 page paper discusses the debate of whether non-human primates have the instinct for learning language as humans do. Examples given, Matt Ridley discussed. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: MBridley.rtf

Medicinal Herbs and Dentistry: Potential Complications
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A 5 page overview of the potential medicinal value of herbs. This paper emphasizes that benefit can be overshadowed by negative impacts when these drugs are combined with others or taken in high concentration such as in herbal tea. The author provides brief notes on aloe, echinacea, feverfew, garlic, ginger, gingko biloba, ginseng, goldenseal, and Saint John’s Wort. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: PPherbDn.rtf

Memes, Biology, and Religious Diversity
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A 12 page research paper that examines a variety of questions concerning biology and current ideas about how it interacts with religion. Topics explored include memes and the work of Susan Blackmore, Consilience by Edward O. Wilson, the work of Gould and Wolfram, and more. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: khmemque.rtf

Methodologies for Sanitizing Kitchen Equipment: Heat or Chemicals?
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A 5 page discussion of the importance of maintaining sanitary conditions in food preparation areas. The author distinguishes between the terms "cleaning", "sanitation", and "disinfection", noting that both heat and chemicals provide a ready means of insuring food safety. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPsaniti.rtf

Microbial Adhesion
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A 5 page overview of the literature reporting on the status of knowledge regarding the factors which influence the adhesion of microbial organisms. Notes that many of these factors are the same in the oral environment as they are in other environments. Emphasizes the importance of the curvature and molecular configuration of the microbe and the short range ionic interactions which occur. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPdentMc.wps

Microbiology: Gram-Positive Bacteria Cells
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This is a 3 page paper discussing Gram-positive bacteria. In the study of microbiology, common Gram-positive bacteria cells are Straphlyococcus aureus or Streptococcus cremoris often used in dairy production. Gram-positive bacteria are considered distinct in their multiple layered cell walls almost made up entirely of peptidoglycan. Gram-positive bacteria have four associated families which include Bacillaceae, Micrococcaceae, Mycobacteriaceae, and Peptococcaceae all of which vary in their growth rates, motility, and the media on which they grow. In addition, some Gram-positive bacteria have the ability to produce specific biochemical activities and/or specific toxins. Because of this, Gram-positive bacteria are sometimes used for fermentation, the reduction of nitrate or the production of coagulase or catalase among other uses. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TJmicro1.rtf

Mineral, Energy, and Water Resources of Kentucky
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A 17 page overview of the natural resources of the state of Kentucky. Provides a broad overview of the types of minerals which exists in the state and emphasizes that mining, while necessary to the economy and energy needs of the state, can have tremendous environmental impacts. Summarizes the importance and impact of limestone mining in particular and cautions that mining alone is not the only adverse environmental impact in the state of Kentucky. Outlines the importance of the states water bodies (including a two page list of some of the most noted) and wetlands and the impacts of such activities as the construction and operation of hydroelectric dams and domestic wastewaters. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: PPkyMnrl.wps