Active Volcanoes On The Planet Venus
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A 2 page paper on findings from the early 1990's which show a number of geologic activities on the Earth's "twin" planet Venus,-- including live volcanoes and dramatic faulting. It is concluded that while the "case" of active volcanoes on Venus has not yet been entirely settled, there is indeed plenty of room for future research. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: Venusact.wps

Adarand v. Pena
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This 8 page paper provides an overview of the Supreme Court case of Adarand v. Pena. The case of Adarand v. Pena (1995) underscores some of the central arguments both for and against affirmative action initiatives, and provides some insight into the conflicts that have arisen from seeking affirmative action initiatives in particular situations. This case also suggests the underlying reasons for changes in affirmative action policies in recent years. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: MHAdaran.rtf

Advanced Machining Processes
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A 6 page overview of several types of advanced machining processes, approaches that use non-traditional machining tools for non-traditional machining needs. Types of advanced processes briefly discussed include chemical and electrochemical machining; electrochemical grinding; electrical-discharge machining; laser-beam machining; electron machining; water-jet machining; and abrasive-jet machining. The paper also discusses the economics of these advanced machining processes. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: KSmachinProc.rtf

Advances in GIS; The Literature of Paul A Longley
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This 8 page paper is a review of some of the publications by Paul Longley, who is a geographer that has contributed to the development of GIS. The bibliography cites 3 sources.
Filename: TEgispal.wps

Advances In The Science & Technology Of Earthquake Prediction & Protection
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A 5 page paper discussing scientific advancements in the prediction of earthquakes and the means by which technology can assist in minimizing earthquake damage. Bibliography lists five sources.
Filename: Quakepro.wps

African Sleeping Sickness
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A 5 page overview of African Sleeping Sickness and the Organisms that cause it. The author discusses the manner in which the disease is transmitted, its impact to the body, symptoms and treatment. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: PPslpSi2.rtf

Ageing
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An overview of the phenomenon of ageing from a biochemical perspective, looking at the programmed and random damage theories and the ways in which these might be approached in order to take into account both genetic and stochastic causes of ageing. Bibliography lists 5 sources
Filename: JLageing.rtf

Agriculture and Genetic Engineering
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This 5 page paper provides an overview of some of the central points regarding the use and abuse of genetic engineering in agriculture. This paper considers the benefits and problems caused by this kind of genetic exploration. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Mbgena5.rtf

Agriculture and its Impact on Financial Institutions
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15 pages. Because of the uncertainty in the agricultural markets there is a definite impact on the lending institutions that service them. There are so many variables in the farming industry that there is no guarantee from year to year that agribusinesses will be able to keep up with loan payments if they have one or more years of losses in a row. There is currently widespread controversy among the agribusinesses and lending institutions on Capitol Hill as to how best to cope with the problem. One such solution would be to privatize lenders dealing with farm loans, and other solutions run the gamut from asking farm lenders to diversify their businesses to suggesting more emergency funding from the government. It is the purpose of this paper to prove that while farm lending can be a risky business it would serve no good purpose and would be unfair to other businesses for government emergency funding to be increased; lending institutions will need to work out ways to deal with the agribusiness risk. Bibliography lists 36 sources.
Filename: JGAagfin.wps

Air Quality, Ozone and Volatile Organic Compounds: An Instructional Project
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This 6 page paper provides an overview of an instructional project on the concepts of air quality, ozone and volatile organic compounds. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: MH5scien.rtf

Albert Einstein's Contributions To Mathematics
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A 5 page paper that reports Einstein's first three papers that led to a new perception of the universe, from evidence for the existence of molecules and atoms to his general theory of relativity that led to a new understanding of the universe, including space, time, motion and gravity. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PGeins.rtf

Albert Einstein: Life and Accomplishments
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This 5 page paper is a brief overview of the man who is perhaps the greatest scientist of the 20th century, Albert Einstein. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: HVAEnstn.rtf

Alfalfa and 'Yellow Rocket' (Barbarea vulgaris)
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This 6 page report discusses the interaction between alfalfa crops and a common weed. The weed chosen for examination is Barbarea vulgaris, most commonly known as 'yellow rocket.' Yellow rocket is usually biennial or perennial with some plants flowering, setting seed and dying after their first growing season; reproducing only by seed but the seeds are notable for their ability to germinate with minimal soil requirements. Yellow rocket and other weeds reduce alfalfa production during establishment by competing with and choking out young alfalfa seedlings, invade established alfalfa fields, and reducing forage quality and yield. Several aspects of intervention and eradication are discussed. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: BWalfalf.rtf

Alfred Russel Wallace: Reputation
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8 pages in length. It has been said that Alfred Russel Wallace's reputation falls far short of what his scientific achievements merit, an assertion that might be supported by evidence pointing to Wallace's spiritualist tendencies. By the same token, however, he was just as steeped within the fundamental tenets of science as any other man of factual knowledge; however, he was able to bring together these two seemingly unassociated perspectives under the umbrella of scientific understanding. This blatant departure from conventional approach had many up in arms and, therefore, quick to accuse Wallace of having no basis to his scientific assertions, to which Wallace indicated how there is more than one way to look at and consider the principles of science. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TLCWallace.rtf

Alkaline Phosphatase
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3 pages in length. The enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is created in three places throughout the body: placenta, liver and bone. Bone growth and bile reflect the two locations where ALP is measured at its highest level. When bodily injuries occur, ALP is dispatched to aid in the healing process; additionally, it helps with the formation of bone during the growing process and aids in the fetal development during pregnancy. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCAlkaline.rtf

Alpine Glaciation
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This 8 page paper provides an overview of the process of glaciation, especially alpine glaciation, though a comparison with various types of glaciation found in Yosemite and the Sierra Nevadas. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: MHalpine.wps

Alternative Fuel Cars: Alcohol vs. Electric
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A 10 page paper discussing the design, durability and safety of alcohol-powered and electric cars, particularly GM's EV1. As for which is "best," it appears that alcohol-powered vehicles provide a good alternative to gasoline-powered cars for the short term, buying time for further development of the various electric versions that are becoming more common and more affordable. In the long term, however, it is the electric approach that needs to be regarded as "best." Current models are highly limited in their range, but the further development and refinement of the use of fuel cells will give future purchasers greater freedom of movement outside the city limits. Bibliography lists 15 sources in 23 footnotes.
Filename: KSaltFuelCar.wps