Owens Valley
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A 5 page paper which discusses the water wars in Owens Valley, California. The paper presents the history of the region. The valley was used for agriculture until the people of Los Angeles saw it as a great source of water for the Los Angeles area. As a result a great deal of land was purchased by people in Los Angeles and the result was that the water was sent by aqueduct to Los Angeles and the surrounding area as it grew to the size it is today. The paper focuses on the fact that Owens Valley residents have not proven to be a civil community that could combine to create some positive community action that would keep the water, or much of the water, for the agricultural land. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: RAowenvll.wps

PACs / Overview & Michigan Influence
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A 9 page research paper that explores political action committees, with emphasis on influence in Michigan. The writer posits that all PACs aren't bad and that in many ways, they represent the voice of the people, and without them, only monied interests would reign. Bibliography lists 13 sources.
Filename: Pacmich.wps

Patricia Wallace Ingraham's "The Foundation Of Merit: Public Service In American Democracy
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8 pages in length. Patricia Wallace Ingraham recognizes the incongruities inherent to public service amidst the United States political system. In her book entitled "The Foundation of Merit: Public Service in American Democracy," the author delves into such issues as civil service being in direct contrast to the overwhelming presence of bureaucracy; power and politics – the not-so-strangest of bedfellows; and the constant struggle to attain an equitable balance. The evolutionary path of political organizations can be traced back to the very first time man realized that he could exercise power over another individual. From that point of enlightenment, political organizations have sought to control virtually every element of human existence, an objective Ingraham claims often resides at the crux of political disheartenment. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: TLCMerit.rtf

Paul Ryan, District 1, Wisconsin
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9 pages. This paper consists of two parts. The first one develops a biography of Representative Paul Ryan of District 1 of Wisconsin. His personal background as well as his previous career are discussed. Why he ran for congress and the prior experience he had before serving in Congress, and well as the demographics of his region. We will consider what the important issues are according to his particular district as well as who forms his political case and the last congressional race. Also looked at in the second part of the paper is the policy position that Paul Ryan (District 1) of Wisconsin would take over the debate over energy policy and the environment issue based upon an ideological as well as current political concerns. Bibliography lists 19 sources.
Filename: JAplryan.rtf

Peter Schrag/Paradise Lost, Decline in CA
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A 3 page book review that focuses on Schrag's principal thesis in his text, Paradise Lost, California's Experience, America's Future (1999). According to Schrag, at one time, California was very close to being perfect. It had good schools, good roads, a welcoming atmosphere and believed in a progressive future. However, that was roughly thirty to forty years ago, and today everything has changed. Schrag's basic thesis is that the quality of life in California has been steadily declining over the last several decades and that the culprit for this degeneration is the "orgy" of "voter initiatives" that have caused the consistent erosion of public services (Schrag 9). No additional sources cited.
Filename: khsch1.rtf

Pharmaceutical Assistance Contract for the Elderly
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A 4 page review of PACE and PACENET, programs reflecting Pennsylvania's effort to help the elderly deal with the costs of their prescription drugs. This paper traces the history of these programs and comments on their success. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PPeldMed.rtf

Philadelphia Mayoral Race in '99
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An 8 page research paper that examines the 99 Philadelphia mayor campaign between John Street and Sam Katz. The writer analyzes the differing images that these candidates presented of the city. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: 00phmayr.rtf

Pierre Clavel / 'The Progressive City'
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A 5 page book review of Pierre Clavels work on progressive civic government during the 1970s and 1980s. No additional sources cited.
Filename: Clavel.wps

Policy and Politics in State Budgeting
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This 8 page paper provides an overview of the budgeting process in state governments, which is inextricably linked to political processes and policy determinations that in turn define budgetary directives. Political theorists and budget analysts have suggested the policies dictate elements of the budgetary process, but the availability of fiscal support and the support within the budget development process may in fact determine whether specific policies remain. This paper considers these issues. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: MHBudg4.rtf

Policy Formation: Great Britain, France and Nigeria
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State Structure and Patterns of Participation in A 6 page consideration of how state structure affects who participates in the political process. This paper contrasts Great Britain, France and Nigeria. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PPpolStateStruct.rtf

Political Action Committees (PACs) and Their Influence
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This 4 page paper discusses Political Action Committees, lobbyists, and their influence over government and legislation. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: HVPACInf.rtf

Political Science: Stone and Peterson
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A 9 page paper which examines the political works of Clarence N. Stone, in "Regime Politics," and Paul Peterson, in "City Limits." No additional sources cited.
Filename: RApolsci.rtf

Politics in NC & SC
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A 7 page research paper that draws on political analyses to profile the politics in each of these states over the last 40 years. Southern politics has change radically over the last four decades. The following analysis profiles political developments in North and South Carolina in two periods, 1945-1975 and 1985 to the present. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: khncsc.rtf

Politics in New York and New Jersey
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This 8 page paper looks at politics in both states. The 2002 elections are the focus of this paper that also looks at machine politics and the history of Tammany Hall. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: SA246NYJ.rtf

Politics, Georgia & Mississippi
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A 7 page research paper that examines the political environment of these states. Over the last half century, politics in the South, that is the southeastern states that joined the Confederacy during the American Civil War, have changed markedly. Where once the South could be counted on to be solidly Democratic in its political orientation -- a holdover reaction from the Civil War and Reconstruction period -- today, the South is solidly Republican. The following examination of political change in two Southern states, Georgia and Mississippi, chronicles trends in state politics. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: khgami.rtf

POLITICS, INVOLVEMENT AND PEOPLE
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This 3-page paper attempts to answer if people are less involved in public life than they used to be. This essay focuses on the fact that fewer people are willing to be public servants these days than they have been before. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: MTpolpeo.rtf

Portland, Oregon
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An 11 page paper that offers a general overview of the city of Portland. Subheadings include: history, politics, government, and geography; the economy and tax issues and current issues facing the metropolitan area of Portland. Information includes population, location, industry, revenue generating strategies, controlling urban sprawl and type of government, among other aspects of this region. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: PGprtlnd.wps